Sealife guideThe spanish hogfishBodianus rufus

Last updated on 07/31/2025 at 11:38 PM
Taxonomy
  • Common name: Spanish hogfish
  • French name: Labre espagnol
  • Spanish name: Vieja española
  • Scientific name: Bodianus rufus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Family name: Labridae
  • Order name: Perciformes
  • Class name: Actinopterygii
Description
The spanish hogfish stands out with its vivid coloration, featuring bright yellow on the front of its body and a bluish to purplish area along the dorsal side, where reddish gaps appear between the scales, extending from the eye to the rear of the dorsal fin. This same coloration is also visible at the base of the anal fin.
The spanish hogfish (Bodianus rufus)
The spanish hogfish (Bodianus rufus)
The spanish hogfish typically measures around 8 to 10 inches in length, but the largest individuals can reach up to about 12 inches.
Geographic range
The spanish hogfish inhabits the tropical and subtropical waters of the western Atlantic ocean, ranging from the southern coast of Florida in the north down to Brazil in the south. Its range includes the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean sea, around many islands such as the Bahamas, Guadeloupe, Martinique, …
Habitat
The spanish hogfish is found on coral reefs and around rocky formations at depths of up to 230 feet.
The spanish hogfish is a diurnal species, living alone or in small groups and displays territorial behavior, especially among adult males.
Diet
In its juvenile stage, the spanish hogfish exhibits cleaning behavior toward other fish, removing parasites and dead skin. As an adult, it shifts to a carnivorous diet, feeding on crustaceans, mollusks and echinoderms, which it actively hunts by foraging through sandy and coral substrates.
Reproduction
The spanish hogfish is a protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning individuals start life as females and may later transition to males. Reproduction occurs through the release of gametes into open water, often at dusk.
The spanish hogfish lives in small harems, typically consisting of several females and a single dominant male.
Did you know ?
The spanish hogfish is listed as many other marine species within The IUCN Red List of threatened species. The spanish hogfish appears in the IUCN Red List since 2010 within the category Least Concern !
The spanish hogfish (Bodianus rufus)
The spanish hogfish (Bodianus rufus)
Within the same genus
Axilspot hogfish (Bodianus axillaris)
Axilspot hogfish
(Bodianus axillaris)
Blackbelt hogfish (Bodianus mesothorax)
Blackbelt hogfish
(Bodianus mesothorax)
Diana's hogfish (Bodianus diana)
Diana's hogfish
(Bodianus diana)
Lyretail hogfish (Bodianus anthioides)
Lyretail hogfish
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Mexican hogfish (Bodianus diplotaenia)
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Pacific Diana's pigfish (Bodianus dictynna)
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Tarry hogfish (Bodianus bilunulatus)
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Within the same family
Batu coris (Coris batuensis)
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Green razorfish (Xyrichtys splendens)
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Knife razorfish (Cymolutes praetextatus)
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Ornate wrasse (Thalassoma pavo)
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Surge wrasse (Thalassoma purpureum)
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Yellowblotch razorfish (Iniistius aneitensis)
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Zigzag wrasse (Halichoeres scapularis)
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Discover also
Eastern blue devil (Paraplesiops bleekeri)
Eastern blue devil
(Paraplesiops bleekeri)
Eastern red scorpionfish (Scorpaena jacksoniensis)
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(Scorpaena jacksoniensis)
Five-lined cardinalfish (Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus)
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(Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus)
Longsnout seahorse (Hippocampus reidi)
Longsnout seahorse
(Hippocampus reidi)
Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus)
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(Epinephelus malabaricus)
Old glory (Koumansetta rainfordi)
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(Koumansetta rainfordi)
Yellow and blueback fusilier (Caesio teres)
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Yellow chromis (Chromis analis)
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(Xestospongia muta)
Gag grouper (Mycteroperca microlepis)
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(Mycteroperca microlepis)
Long-spined sea urchin (Diadema antillarum)
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Longspined porcupinefish (Diodon holocanthus)
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(Diodon holocanthus)
Nassau grouper (Epinephelus striatus)
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Queen angelfish (Holacanthus ciliaris)
Queen angelfish
(Holacanthus ciliaris)
Red hind grouper (Epinephelus guttatus)
Red hind grouper
(Epinephelus guttatus)
Stoplight parrotfish (Sparisoma viride)
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Dive centers
Centre de plongée des Ilets
'Les Ilets' dive center
Noa Plongée
Noa dive center
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