Islands destinationGalapagos islandsPacific ocean

Last updated on 08/24/2026 at 10:41 PM
The Galapagos islands form an archipelago made up of 19 islands, including 5 major islands (Isabela, Fernandina, San Cristobal, Santa Cruz and Santiago), and 42 islets. The Galapagos islands are located in the Pacific ocean, west of the Ecuadorian coast, less than 620 miles offshore.
An exceptional biodiversity
The Galapagos islands are world-renowned for the richness and diversity of their flora and fauna and are considered a « living museum and showcase of evolution » unique in the world. The Galapagos islands were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978 and as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in 1984.
The Galapagos giant tortoise (Chelonoidis nigra) on Santa Cruz island
The Galapagos giant tortoise (Chelonoidis nigra) on Santa Cruz island © David Adam Kess sous licence Creative Commons
A Galapagos marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) basking in the sun on Tortuga bay beach on Santa Cruz island
A Galapagos marine iguana (Amblyrhynchus cristatus) basking in the sun on Tortuga bay beach on Santa Cruz island © David Adam Kess sous licence Creative Commons
At the crossroads of several ocean currents, shaped by volcanic activity and isolated from the rest of the world, the Galapagos islands have allowed the development, natural selection, and evolution of many species independently from any external influence.
The Galapagos islands have thus naturally become a sanctuary for many endemic species found exclusively on these islands, such as the giant tortoise, the marine iguana, the Galapagos albatross, and Darwin's finch !
The Galapagos islands, Charles Darwin's natural laboratory
In 1835, the Galapagos islands welcomed Charles Darwin aboard the exploration ship « HMS Beagle ». After returning home, enriched by his observations, he developed his theory of evolution.
In 1964, the Charles Darwin Research Station and Foundation was established on Santa Cruz island. Its mission is to preserve this extraordinary and unique « living treasure » while balancing human activity.
Geographical location
A diver's paradise
Marine biodiversity includes no fewer than 2,900 recorded marine species, one-fifth of which are endemic to the Galapagos islands. Notable species include the marine iguana, the Galapagos sea lion, the Galapagos shark, and the Galapagos penguin, the only penguin species living in warm waters.
The Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis)
The Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis) © | Dreamstime.com
Practical information
Visitor numbers and access to sites are strictly limited on each island of the Galapagos archipelago in order to protect wildlife. Only marked trails are authorized so you can enjoy the hospitality of your hosts responsibly !
The marine species in the Galápagos Islands
Blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus)
Blacktip reef shark
(Carcharhinus melanopterus)
Galapagos shark (Carcharhinus galapagensis)
Galapagos shark
(Carcharhinus galapagensis)
Mexican hogfish (Bodianus diplotaenia)
Mexican hogfish
(Bodianus diplotaenia)
Pacific creolefish (Cephalopholis colonus)
Pacific creolefish
(Cephalopholis colonus)
Red-footed booby (Sula sula)
Red-footed booby
(Sula sula)
Scalloped hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini)
Scalloped hammerhead
(Sphyrna lewini)
Silvertip shark (Carcharhinus albimarginatus)
Silvertip shark
(Carcharhinus albimarginatus)
Waved albatross (Phoebastria irrorata)
Waved albatross
(Phoebastria irrorata)
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